According to an article in Federal Computer Week, outside contractors have proved a long-indispensible government resource.  Outsourcing allows the government to perform work beyond its typical staffing, equipment, or monetary resources. It also creates a more efficient government through reduced costs and increased productivity.  In a time of budgetary concerns, outsourcing may be the only way the public sector, and even small private-sector businesses, can maintain necessary service levels.

Cost-savings occurs, in part, because contractors cost less than permanent employees.  Last year, USA Today reported that government employees received roughly $28,000 in annual benefits—over $12,000 more than their private-sector counterparts.  Data has also shown that pay rates in state and local government increase faster than private-sector rates.  Total compensation at all levels of government tends to be higher.

But lower pricing isn’t the only benefit of outsourcing services.  Outsourcing to private companies often results in new, fresh ideas beyond the government status quo.  Outsourcing is a great resource for small, private businesses, too!  It allows businesses to receive services they may not otherwise have been able to maintain or afford.  For instance, outsourcing human resources tasks to GHRO allows businesses to meet their HR needs, from hiring, payroll, employee benefits, to the latest in HR regulations and trends, at a fraction of the cost of maintaining an in-house HR department.  It is low-cost efficiency at its best.

How can HR outsourcing benefit you?  Contact GHRO today for a free quote!

Tiffany Marshall, a Savannah probationary firefighter, lost her job over her Myspace photos.  These images featured Marshall and her coworkers in uniform, as well as several semi-clothed photos of Marshall, including one showing her bare backside.  An anonymous caller alerted Marshall’s supervisors to the photos.  Investigation found that Marshall had violated multiple Savannah Fire Department rules and regulations, particularly the section on displaying “unbecoming conduct” in her private life that discredited the department.  In response to the photos, the department gave Marshall a verbal reprimand and issued a general order reminding employees that department photos could not be used on personal websites without the fire chief’s express permission.

Marshall’s response to the reprimand led to her termination.  After she allegedly became defensive and combative, contending she’d been singled out as a female because male firefighters had not been disciplined for similar photos on their websites, she was fired for insubordination.  Marshall then sued for gender discrimination.  The court, which found no evidence of discrimination or violation of First Amendment free speech rights, dismissed her case.

What does this decision mean for employers?  A solid social media policy may be enforceable in court.  To be effective, the policy should clearly address work-related images and social postings, and disclose the employer’s right to review such media for compliance with employer regulations.  While drafting a policy, employers should remember that the National Labor Relations Act protects employees’ rights to discuss workplace activities.  Bottom line: employees’ social networking posts can’t be silenced, but can be guided by a carefully worded social media policy.

The average worker’s office space has dwindled 15 square feet since 1994, down to a cozy 75 square feet in 2010.  And it’s not just the everyday workers who are feeling the squeeze—senior workers’ office space shrunk 19 feet over the same period.  Everyone but executive management, who enjoyed an increase in office space, has to do more work with less space.

Or are they?

What popularized the cubicle in the 1960s was its functional, modular office space without the construction required to build walled offices.  In the past, cubicle size has had to accommodate the latest office technology, such as bulky telephones, typewriters, and desktop computers.  Today, that technology is slender and sleek, such as flat-screen monitors, laptops, iPads, and Blackberries—and more important, that technology is mobile.

Mobile technology replaces the need for workers to be chained to their desks.  Instead, workers can telecommute or work from different places in the office, as in the open-space seating model found at companies such as Facebook and Intel.  This open-space model is becoming more popular thanks to its team-oriented setup and efficient use of work space.  Due to meetings, travel, shifts, or personal leave, not all work space is required at all times, so it makes sense to have fewer and unassigned work stations.

While some employees appreciate this modern, flexible approach to office space, other employees reject the approach’s irregularity, close quarters, and lack of privacy.  Since employees spend half their days at work, it’s important their office environment works for them to foster comfort and productivity.  But just as office spaces come in all shapes and sizes, so do employees, so not every model will suit every employee’s personality or work style.

Does that mean private offices are on the verge of extinction?  Not if SAS, a North Carolina business intelligence software company, is any indication.  For the last two years, the company was named Fortune magazine’s best place to work.  The kicker?  SAS gives almost all its employees private offices.

Workplace relationships can pose a wealth of potential problems, from discrimination to sexual harassment.  These issues can be especially complicated for businesses that don’t clearly address workplace relationships in their employee handbooks.  If it’s too late to set policy amidst burgeoning love, supervisors and HR representatives will have to rely on their common sense to handle workplace relationships.  To make that process easier, remember to PREP by being:

Professional: When talking to employees, keep comments business related by addressing productivity, performance, and professional conduct.  Don’t discuss anything personal, and remember that any personal information confided in you should be kept strictly confidential.

Reasonable: Be reasonable about the demands placed on your employees.  They spend a lot of time together, which can naturally foster closeness.  Without a written policy to address workplace relationships, your response can only extend so far.  You can’t ask employees not to date, and even if you could, more problems could be created by enforcing unrealistic rules.

Equitable: As a matter of good HR practice, it’s important to treat all employees (and all workplace relationships) the same.  This applies even if the relationship involves an extramarital affair.

Proactive: After a relationship problem arises, it’s too late to implement a formal company policy, so don’t attempt enforcement beyond what federal, state, or local laws require.  Instead, talk with management about establishing a written policy to address workplace relationships.  A clear policy will be the best way to manage future workplace relationship issues.

With or without a formal policy, when a workplace relationship ends, things could get messy for both the former couple and the HR Department.  What was once welcome personal attention could now be considered unwelcome sexual harassment.  During the relationship, it may have been common for one partner to frequent the other’s desk to chat, but that chat may now make the other partner uncomfortable.  If left unaddressed, this unwanted conduct could easily snowball into a sexual harassment issue.

That’s why it’s best to catch these issues early.  As an HR representative, start by sitting down separately with each employee to clarify what professional behavior means to them and to your business.  Outlining professional standards may be enough to stop the unwanted conduct, but if the behavior continues, these conversations are a good starting point for potential disciplinary action.  Remember, everything should be documented, from the complaint to the sit-down conversations, to create a solid base for future action.  It’s important to take these issues seriously as professional matters and not just private conflicts.

Last month, Ford Motor Co. paid $5,000 in profit sharing to each of its hourly workers, which was more than its contract with the labor union required.  And though Chrysler Group LLC did not make any money last year, the company still paid $750 to each of its hourly workers to thank them for standing by during recovery efforts.  Following suit, General Motors Co. is poised to pay each of its 45,000 hourly workers at least $3,000 in profit sharing.  This will mark GM’s largest ever payout, crushing 1999’s previous record of $1,775.

GM’s move comes as 2010 saw the company solidly back in the black for the first time since 2004, and just one year after a highly publicized $50 billion government bailout.  In those darker days, GM was forced to restructure by closing domestic factories and slicing more than 20,000 jobs, including much of its white-collar workforce.  Moving into the future, GM executives have expressed interest in compensating hourly workers according to their performance, much like the way salaried workers are compensated.  It should also be noted that salaried workers will not be receiving across-the-board raises.

The truth is, employment law doesn’t dictate when a business must close for weather—closing a business is solely the employer’s judgment call.  Many businesses may choose to stay open in severe weather, depending on demand for their goods and services.  This is especially true of grocery stores, gas stations, hotels, and public-service industries like police and fire departments, hospitals, and snow plow operations.  It makes business sense to stay operational if there is legitimate work to be done, even in a blizzard.  Plus, businesses in areas that are used to winter snow will be less inclined to close due to weather, thanks to efficient snow removal.

But what happens to employees when businesses make the call to close?  From a human resources standpoint, businesses that close for weather are not required to pay hourly or non-exempt workers.  Like any other workday, these employees must be compensated only for the hours actually worked.  Exempt employees are another matter.  Businesses that close for a few days due to weather must pay their exempt employees who were ready and able to report to work.  On the flip side, businesses do not have to pay exempt employees who were unavailable to report to work, for example, due to the weather, transportation, or child care issues.  An exception occurs when businesses close for an entire payroll week because of weather, flood, or power outage.  Under these circumstances, exempt employees who perform no work for the week—not even checking e-mail from home—are not required to be paid.

As for the head cold, a recent CareerBuilder survey found 72 percent of workers report for work when they’re legitimately sick.  Most respondents (55 percent) do this because they feel guilty about missing work.  While this seemingly demonstrates amazing loyalty, how loyal is it to show up to spread germs to healthy coworkers?  Furthermore, does an office full of runny-nosed people slumped at their desks promote productivity?

And then there’s that Caribbean vacation.  A Right Management poll found 46 percent of workers didn’t use all their vacation time in 2010.  Workers either couldn’t get away from their desks or felt like they couldn’t get away to enjoy their annual vacations.

Whatever the case, employees are spending more days at their desks.  With so many businesses short staffed, with more duties falling to fewer employees, taking personal time is a legitimate concern for many workers.  Employees also worry that if they miss work, even for a day or two, their employers will realize either the worker or the position isn’t vital.  Employees are afraid to step away because their jobs may not be there when they come back.

If your employees aren’t taking the personal time they need, they’re at risk for employee burnout.  Workers who don’t feel like they can get a break from work, either to get healthy or to have fun, are more likely to suffer persistently high stress levels.  In turn, high stress levels can lead to employee turnover, which can quickly have your business flipping through job applications.  So what to do with employees who won’t unlock that desk chain?

Hand them the keys.  Now, more than ever, it’s important to tell employees it’s OK to miss work—and it needs to genuinely be OK.  Remind employees that their jobs will be waiting when they come back, and then train coworkers to fill in for sick or vacationing employees.  At the end of the day, employees able to take time off work will be healthier and happier, and will respond with increased loyalty and productivity.

The first area I’d like to offer my advice in is to say this: avoid confusing job descriptions. Now, I’m sure you do your best to write good job descriptions, but I still want to counsel you to try to look at what you’re writing from the perspective of a desperate job hunter. The vague job descriptions bring in all sorts of desperate people, many of whom are unqualified, who justify their applying for a job they’re clearly not capable of doing because the job description is unclear.

Secondly, you should try to make the interview process as easy as possible for the candidate to navigate. This means telling the candidate the basic information up front. You’d be surprised at how many interviews I’ve been invited to attend, only to have to call back later and ask for directions, for the names and positions of the people who will be interviewing me, and how long I can expect the interview to last and any other special considerations. Job candidates who are asked to interview are already stressed as it is; try to make the process easy on them.

Finally, once the interview is over, be in touch with the candidate, regardless of the outcome. I’ve sat through interviews that I thought were going well, only to leave without knowing what the process going forward is. I’ve had several places not call me to inform me of their decision. If you invite someone in for an interview, it’s only right that you follow up, even if that person did not make the cut.

I realize that many of you are already doing your jobs well, and probably do these things above all the time. So this isn’t a criticism at all. Instead, it’s just a gentle hello from the other side of the job application website, saying “Don’t forget about me!”

By-line:

This guest post is contributed by Alisa Gilbert, who writes on the topics of bachelors degree.  She welcomes your comments at her email Id: alisagilbert599@gmail.com.

When properly prepared, the employee handbook should be a critical communication tool between your business and its employees.  Your handbook should explain your business’ expectations from its employees and establish what your employees can expect from the business.  This information should be presented in a clear and easy-to-understand fashion.

Here are ten essential items that should be included in every employee handbook:

1. A form acknowledging the employee’s receipt of the handbook
2. A disclaimer reserving the employer’s right to change the handbook’s content in the future
3. The organization’s mission statement
4. Recruitment practices, including how open positions are posted and filled
5. Salary administration practices, including merit increases and performance reviews
6. Computer and Internet use policy
7. Employee code of conduct
8. Absence policy, including maternity leave, bereavement leave, and jury duty
9. Complaint and grievance procedures
10. Guidelines for employment termination

Your HR team should continually review the handbook for necessary updates.  Employment law is constantly changing, so your HR team should check new laws against your employee handbook’s policies.  Your HR team should also confirm handbook policies match actual practices.  The last thing anyone wants is to be cornered by an employee armed with a handbook offering six weeks’ vacation, when current company policy only offers four.

Having an up-to-date handbook provides many benefits beyond avoiding uncomfortable confrontations.  Not only does the handbook provide guidance to employees and supervisors, but it also establishes consistent policies important to risk management.  Consistent policies also ensure a more harmonious work environment, since everyone knows what to expect.

If it’s time to update your employee handbook, consider the following steps:

1. Regularly review the handbook to ensure the most current policies.
2. Have an attorney review the handbook at each phase.
3. Implement a plan to address policy updates and how to communicate them to everyone in the business.
4. Train management staff to consistently follow handbook policy.
5. Record all updates and changes in a log.

Check back soon for Parts Two and Three of our Employee Handbook series!